Steps used in quantitative research and steps used in qualitative Essay

Steps used in quantitative research and steps used in qualitative research - Essay Example This is then followed up by the articulation of research questions or hypothesis. These are usually the guiding pillars on what is to be achieved by the study. Designing the research study is the next important step and it usually guides the other research steps which include sample selection, data collection, analysis and interpretation. The interpretation step seeks to determine whether the study answers the research questions or whether it conforms to the stated hypothesis. This is followed by the drawing up of conclusions and the writing up of the final research report. Qualitative research can be conducted in 10 steps. The first and second steps involve the choosing of a subject or the area of study, as well as choosing the approach to be used. Choosing the approach is also referred to as designing the study, and this step encompasses a number of steps that include the review of literature, the formulation of research questions, statement of the purpose of the research, and sampling (Chenail, 2011). During sampling, aspects such as the target population, the appropriate sample, sample selection methods are addressed since they directly impact on the data collection and analysis methods to be used. The next step involves the addressing of the ethical concerns associated with the study. Other steps include data collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation of the findings, and the writing of the final

Classical Realism, Neo Liberalism and Constructivism Essay

Classical Realism, Neo Liberalism and Constructivism - Essay Example Accentuating the similarities between domestic and international relations, as the significance function of ethics and the public in all fields. In this observation, the course of the classical realism reiterates the course for international relations accordingly towards achieving a common ground for development within the state as well as the global continuum. The factors of resolution of violence and related conflicts is as a result of classical realism since it gives insight into , means of addressing challenges from an international perspective. Notably classical realism is responsible for the reduced conflicts as observed at the beginning of the 20th century. Additionally, Classical Realism concentrates on the nature human beings in the pursuit to elucidate the high rate of conflict and battle in global relations. Classical Realism ensures that diplomats have a reason, which they direct to the material concerns of the nation. The illustration in this thought is the realization t hat a less powerful nation would not attack a better-equipped nation. For instance, in the western side, USA is too powerful compared to its neighbors, a factor that demonstrates the course for nations establishing individual power. In this strength, it is observable that classical realism encourages the domestic autonomy from the civil society with the leadership expected to adopt the democratic rule in which it conforms to the will of the people. The system in effect makes the course for organizing the political system as the central power.

Users Perception On Digi Telecommunication Ebilling Service

Users Perception On Digi Telecommunication Ebilling Service Digi telecommunication (DIGI) established in the year of 1995 and is a well-known mobile communications brand company in Malaysia that provides a completely range of highly affordable and simple to use Wi-Fi telecommunications services to make easier and improve the satisfaction level towards Digi customer. The company provides mobile phone as well as fixed telephone systems products and services which enable people to stay connected always with each other no matter where they are. DIGIs two main business lines services are operates into such as Digi postpaid, Digi prepaid and international services as voice services, and text messaging, multimedia messaging service (MMS), broadband internet, GPRS/EDGE and wireless application protocol (WAP) as data services. Digi postpaid is where the user used fixed line service to call and pay the bill after their total usage used for the month whereby Digi prepaid user have to pay and reload the credit first before using the service, and this do not need any phone bills. International services are also called as international direct dial (IDD), which enable customer to make international roaming such as calls and text messaging. 2.0 Rationale for the title Digi Telecommunication industry is among one of the rapid grow industry in Malaysia. The telecommunication sector is expanding rapidly because of its up-to-date services and products. Due to the rapid development of technology, people are now in the era of telecommunication and internet based. Everything in the world are usually communicate using internet and business can be deal using online transaction. This development has become a transition for the development of the nations industrial sectors. All mobile communications company in Malaysia are seeking different ways to compete themselves from their competitors and gain benefits over competition. A good quality of service becomes the promoting method to attract customer attention as it is the most important factors in customer satisfactions. The main reason for choosing this title is to research and identify the users perception on Digi e-billing services in Penang area. Besides, it also helps users to aware about the existence of Digi e-billing service. It is important to determine the customers requirements, demands and the perception of the customers towards Digi e-billing services as in to gain the customer service level. Therefore, hand phone bills that are postal mail to the customers in monthly basis is already become a regular method among Malaysians. Its already a fact that in this current advanced technology world, every single individual in urban areas has a mobile phone because its one of a trends and lifestyles for people. Besides that, another reason is because of the current climate change issue, Digi has now took part in the Go Green campaign to reduce the climate impact, Digi has now fully launch and encouraging e-billing service system to postpaid customers. For those postpaid customers who choose to convert to e-billing and unsubscribe for paper billings, DiGi will be contribute the each of the postpaid customers paper billings of RM3.00 to WWF-Malaysia as a reforest funds. This is an effort to minimize the environment impact by encouraging the postpaid customers to receive the monthly statement electronically rather than receiving the usual paper bills. Besides playing a role in protecting the countrys forest, Digi customers also get to reduce the monthly bill by RM3 to convert to e-billing service. 3.0 Research Question and Research Objectives This section will brought up some questions in this research paper which are relevant to the research title and also to identify the main objective of the research paper. There are 10 research questions created which are related to the title. The questions are as below: 1) Why do customers choose Digi as their telecommunication network? 2) What are the level of customers satisfactions by using Digi postpaid network service? 3) How do customers sign up for e-billing online? 4) How do customers received their monthly statement bill through e-billing? 5) Do e-billing service brings convenient to customers? 6) Do customers participate in e-billing service? 7) Do customers prefer received monthly statement though paper bill or e-billing? 8) How frequent customers able to check on the e-billing statement in a year? 9) Do customers support Digi to go for Go Green by using e-billing? 10) How does the users perception level on Digi e-billing service in Penang area? 3.1 Research Objectives There are 2 main objectives for this study. The objectives of this study are to identify the users perception level on Digi e-billing service in Penang area. Secondly, is to let user aware about the e-billing services and encourage them convert to e-billing to reduce climate impact. 4.0 Research Methods The type of this research method is based on empirical project. The research is focused to conduct a survey on the Digi e-billing Service in Penang area only. This research will involve a total of 150 respondents to get the feedback. To make this research into more well focused study, the respondents will consists of the Digi postpaid network service customers in the Penang area where they will select to participate into this survey only. They were either the existing or previous Digi postpaid user. The research is not limited to any other requirements either age or religion. Overall, all Digi telecommunication postpaid user in Penang area will participate in this research study. In this research, primary and secondary research is included to obtain the data collection. Primary research will started off with distributions questionnaires to Digi postpaid users in Penang malls such as, Queensbay Mall, Gurney Plaza, Prangin Mall, 1st Avenue Mall and also Straits Quay Mall. Besides that, e-mail survey will be forwarded out to selective friends and other Digi postpaid users by e-mail. And finally, an individual interview will be held between the Digi sales person and other Digi postpaid users. Next, secondary research will obtained by using electronic databases such as journals and articles and online research. 5.0 Time Scale Activity Dateline Title / Article 13th April 2011 Proposal 13th April 2011 Questionnaire Construction Questionnaire Analysis Methodology Analysis Literature Review Submission

Love in Knights Tale and Wife of Baths Tale Essay -- Chaucers Cante

Love in Knight's Tale and Wife of Bath's Tale The Canterbury Tales, written by Geoffrey Chaucer around 1386, is a collection of tale told by pilgrims on a religious pilgrimage. Two of these tales, "The Knight's Tale" and "The Wife of Bath's Tale", involve different kinds of love and different love relationships. Some of the loves are based on nobility, some are forced, and some are based on mutual respect for each partner. My idea of love is one that combines aspects from each of the tales told in The Canterbury Tales. In "The Knight's Tale", the love between the two knights and Emelye is intensely powerful. The love that Palomon and Arcite feel towards Emelye is so strong that the two knights feel that it is worth more than their own lives. At one point, Palomon tells Arcite that he shall either have Emelye or he shall die. The love that Palomon feels for Emelye is so overwhelming that he is willing to take on an armed man, in mortal combat, just for the love of a woman. Perhaps he feels that without her, he will surely die, so why not die trying to win her? The ironic fact about the relationship between each knight and Emelye is the fact that Emelye does not wish to marry either of the knights. She is aware that she is just a prized possession, one that is not fully known, because she has never exchanged a single word with either gentleman. However, in that time period, she could not easily express her feelings, and if she were able to, those feelings would most likely be ignored. Like already mentioned, this is so ironic because Arcite and Palomon are about to kill each other for Emelye's love and she doesn't want to be loved by either of them. She enjoys the thrills of maidenhood too much to have them ended by ... .... The Wife of Bath has used men in her life for riches. She leans toward a feminist nature and seems resentful toward most men. For women, she is easy to respect and admire. She is an intelligent woman, however, she may not know the limits of her games. That is the beauty of society. Thousands of years after this novel has been written, men and women still don not know what one another want. In taking both Psychology and Sociology this year, I hope to grasp a better understanding on how both sexes co-exist with one another. Works Consulted: Chaucer, Geoffrey. â€Å"The Wife of Bath’s Prologue and Tale.† From The Riverside Chaucer, Third Edition. Ed. Larry D. Benson. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1987. Chaucer, Geoffrey. The Canterbury Tales. Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Ed Mack, Maynard et al. W. W. Norton and Co. New York, NY. 1992. 1551-1621.

Change and Continuity in Constantinople

Constantinople was a city with a long a diverse history especially through the years of 1450 to 1750. Between these to dates Constantinople changed drastically in its political structure. Constantinople also had a tremendous chance in its trade activity. Innovation both militarily and nonmilitary within this city however remained virtually unchanged between 1450 to 1750. In short Constantinople transformed itself between 1450 to 1750 in the fields of government and business, but remained constant in its technological advancements. In the area of politics the chance of Constantinople couldn’t have been more drastic in the years between 1450 and 1750. In1453 the Byzantine Empire fell to the Ottoman Empire in the siege of Constantinople. This in turn allowed the Ottoman Turks to take Constantinople and completely defeat the rest of the remaining Byzantine Empire. The Ottoman Empire renamed the city to Istanbul and made it one of there capitals of there empire that ruled most all of the Middle East. The city was extremely vulnerable to attack because of the forth crusades that sacked the city and heavily depleted its population and allowed ottomans to take it. This new government allowed for the growth of religions, even make Constantinople a once Christian stronghold to a predominantly Muslim city. This new government also allowed for a large rise in population going from a few thousand in the 15th century to the over half a million in the 18th century. This was caused by an increase of culture and artwork due to the leadership of Suleiman the Magnificent. The other massive change in Constantinople between 1450 to 1750 was the amount of trade that was preformed. The lack of trade was because of Ottoman conquering of the city in 1453. This capture of the city created total dominance of the Middle East created a regional block of all trade routes effectively creating an Ottoman trade monopoly which allowed the Ottomans to charge whatever they wanted, this made it unprofitable to trade for the Asian goods that Europeans wanted so bad. This was the largest reason for the Europe’s age of exploration. The simple fact that the prices were too high making trade impractical causing a lack of trade and Europeans looking to the sea for trade with Asia. This in contrast with the previous large amounts of trade that use to go through Constantinople because of its great location between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. Those most elements of the city of Constantinople were changed by the new empire that ruled it the one thing that stayed the same was the technology that was used in Constantinople. The Ottoman Turks were very regressive and didn’t embrace new technologies. This lack of progression caused by the Ottoman conservative clergy plus the lack of trade cause a lack of diffusion and a lack of advancements in there society. This all the while the rest of the world was making leaps and bounds forward. This was what caused the long term demise of the Ottoman.

The Fashion Channel

The Fashion Channel The Fashion Channel has dominated the fashion television market in recent years, but is now faced with an increasing amount of formidable competition. Both CNN and Lifetime have added fashion related programming after seeing an opportunity to gain viewers in that market. These two competitors have been relatively successful in securing a following of viewers.The fashion channel now must make the decision on how to move forward with their marketing plan. They must find the best scenario possible in order increase revenue and secure viewers in this increasingly competitive market. To successfully do execute this plan, The Fashion channel must review the customer segments, complete a profit potential analysis, and chose a marketing plan that best suits their needs and the needs of their viewers. Customer Segments OverviewSegment Name & Size| Fashionistas(15%)| Planners &Shoppers(35%)| Situationalists(30%)| Basics(20%)| Key Differentiating Demographics – what d o they look so that we could tell one segment from another? | Female (61%)High income $100,000+ Age 18 and 34 (50%)| Majority are femaleIncome 65,000+Age 21-45| Tend to have kids Age 24-50 (50%)Less disposable income| Majority are menAge 28-50| Key Differentiating Attitudes & Beliefs – how do they think and feel so that we could tell one segment from another? Treat fashion as a hobbyWant to be the trendsettersThey aren’t price sensitive Shop luxury brandsCare about how they are perceived (looks)| They look for deals, such as couponsHave brand loyalty towards certain brandsSomewhat are price sensitiveLike to plan and have an idea on where they want to go and what they want to buy, practical| Think about fashion only for special occasionsprice sensitive (besides rare occasions)Splurge for only certain occasions| Do not enjoy shoppingPrice sensitiveTend to shop at the same stores ( one stop shop)| Involvement in Fashion & Interest in Fashion on TV| Fashion TV 140 indexLoo k for insight on what’s hot and coming into styleThey treat fashion like an entertainment, They enjoy watching shows about it| Fashion TV 110 indexPopular show how to look good or under $100| Fashion TV 105 indexLike to watch some fashion TV, but normally when their looking to buy| Fashion TV 50 indexDon’t watch fashion on TVDon’t keep with fashion news| Qualitative Assessment of Targeting Priority | Pioneers/early adoptersTarget them heavily, they will spread the word. | Enjoy watching fashion and it’s the biggest segment. Focus on planning and saving when shoppingI would make this the secondary segment. | They don’t shop a whole lot, but they enjoy hearing about fashion. You could dip into this section if you had the resources. | This segment shows now interest in fashion. We believe they should avoid targeting this market. | Methodology Fashionistas: Demographics: Females tend to be more fashion oriented from head to toe than men. This segment h as a high income, which they need to be able to keep up with the trends and the expensive luxury brands.Women between the ages 18-35 are the majority of this market. This is the age range when women try to appeal to others by their looks. Key attitudes and beliefs: They want to have the new and latest clothes and accessories. This segment tends to wear expensive brands to show people they can afford nice clothes and care how they look. They don’t care how much it cost, with their high income they will buy whatever is fashion, even if its outrageously priced. Interest in fashion They enjoy watching fashion on TV (Heavy watchers), they treat it as an entertainment. This is how they keep up with the trends. They also keep up with the fashion through social media and magazines.Assessment: This is the smallest market although they are the ones that fit Fashion TV’s criteria. They are like the pioneers to early adopters in fashion. If they like it they will spread the word t o others, then they start watching the program. This makes it a key factor to target this market well; you want them to likes your programs, so they well send out good recommendations to others. Planners and Shoppers: Demographics: This segment also leans towards females (60%). The age range for this segment is 21-45. The young side of the segment is young and with lower incomes. The older side of the segment likes to be thrifty and get the best deal for their dollar, even though they make good money. They have an income of 65,000+.They have enough income to spend on nice clothes, but need to find the best deals to stay within their budget. Key attitudes and beliefs: This segment still likes to look good, but is on a budget, so they look for the best deals. If an item is on sale they are more prone to purchase it. They tend to be loyal to certain brands. They stick with certain brands, to receive loyalty coupons and other discounts. Interest in fashion: This segment has pretty simil ar interest in fashion as the fashionistas. They would watch shows that deal more with value, like how to look good with under $100. Assessment: This segment has the largest size, which makes it an attractive market to target; the numbers agree this is a good segment.They watch fashion TV and enjoy planning shopping trips. You could market shows that deal with planning shopping trips and how to shop on a budget. Situationalists: Demographics: Found this segment to be made up of male and female. With about 50% of the populations having kids living at their home still, they have less of a disposable income. Parents with kids living at home tend to range between 24-50 years of age. Key attitudes and beliefs: Fashion only occurs to them in special occasions. They typically don’t spend a lot on clothes, but for certain occasions they splurge a little bit. They are somewhat price sensitive, because of their low disposable income.Interest in fashion: While the other segments watch T V for tips and trend, this segments tends to watch TV recreational. They don’t watch it daily. Assessment: We believe the previous two segments are more attractive than this one, although they could dip into this segment. Situantiolists show some interest in fashion. Having a wedding dress show is something that would intrigue this audience. Shows that deal with special occasions, weddings are the big one. This group wants information about fashion for the key moments of their lives. Basics: Demographics: The majority of this segment tends to be male. The age range of the segment is 28-50. Men younger than 28 years old care more about their appearance, while going through School and impressing girls.Once they get married and content with their life they tend to care less about what they wear and spend little time shopping. Key attitudes and beliefs: This segment is price sensitive, they don’t care as much about what brand they wear so they will look to for the cheapest one. They also don’t like to go out shopping, so they will go to one stop shop (clothing stores) where they can buy all they need in one store. Interest in fashion: This group does not watch much fashion TV nor do they try to interact with the fashion world. Assessment: This group does not watch hardly any fashion TV and show little interest in fashion. In the end it would be smart not to target this segment.Profit Potential Analysis Rate each segment on 1-10 scale per text| Fashionistas| Planners &Shoppers| Situationalists| Basics| Market Size| 2| 7| 6| 3| Market Growth| Not applicable| Not applicable| Not applicable| Not applicable| Competitive Strength| 8| 6| 4| 2| Price Sensitivity| 8| 5| 3| 2| Production Costs| 4| 6| 6| 2 | Marketing Costs| Not applicable| Not applicable| Not applicable| Not applicable| Market Value (Sum above/4)| 5. 5| 6| 4. 75| 2. 25| Market Size:These ratings were based on the percentage of households that fall into each category. Competitive Strengt h: Competitive strength was rated on the ability of TFC to reach the segment compared to the abilities of their competitors Lifetime and CNN. The primary advantage of TFC is that the programming is focused on fashion, while the competitors offer less fashion related shows. This gives TFC a large competitive advantage with Fashionistas but puts them at a disadvantage with the Basics. The Planners & Shoppers group would also appreciate the fashion advice, while Situationalists would likely only watch programming that focused on specific fashion topics.Price Sensitivity: The Fashionista group is the least price sensitive segment due to a larger household income and an interest in fashion trends. The other three groups all expressed interest in value. The Planners and Shoppers group received a higher rating due to the fact that they enjoy shopping and stay up to date on trends. Situationalists were the third ranking group. They also enjoy shopping, but only for specific needs. The lowes t rated group was the Basics, they are very price sensitive because they want value and do not enjoy shopping. Production Costs: Production costs in this case refer to the costs of TFC advertising to each target group.The Basics group would be the most expensive to target, as they represent the greatest departure from the station’s current demographics. This group is made up of 55% men, while only 39% of the channel’s viewers are men. It would require an extensive advertising campaign to reach this group. There would not be much difference in the costs of advertising to the Planners & Shoppers and Situationalists since they have similar demographics. Production costs for the Fashionistas would likely be higher than these two groups because advertisements would have to keep up with changing fashion trends. Exhibit 4: Ad Revenue Calculator| | | | | Ad Revenue Calculator|   |   |   |   | | Current| 2007 Base| Scenario 1| Scenario 2| Scenario 3| TV HH| 110,000,000| 110,000,000| 110,000,000| 110,000,000| 110,000,000| Average Rating| 1. 0%| 1| 1. 2| 0. 8| 1. 2| Average Viewers (Thousand)| 1100| 1100| 1320| 880| 1320| Average CPM*| $2. 00| $2. 00 | $1. 80| $3. 50| $2. 50| Average Revenue/Ad Minute**| $2,200| $2,200| $2,376| $3,080| $3,300| Ad Minutes/Week| 2016| 2016| 2016| 2016| 2016| Weeks/Year| 52| 52| 52| 52| 52| Ad Revenue/Year| $230,630,400 | $230,630,400 | $249,080,832 | $322,882,560 | $345,945,600 | Incremental Programming Expense|   | $0 | $0 | $15,000,000 | $20,000,000 |   |   |   |   |   |   | | | | | | | * Revenue/Thousand Viewers| | | | | | ** Calculated by multiplying Average Viewers by Average CPM| | | | | 2006 Actual| 2007 Base| Scenario 1| Scenario 2| Scenario 3| Exhibit 5: Financials Revenue:|   |   |   |   |   | Ad Sales| $230,630,400 | $230,630,400 | $249,080,832 | $322,882,560 | $345,945,600 | Affiliate Fees| $80,000,000| $81,600,000| $81,600,000| $81,600,000| $81,600,000| Total Revenue| $310,630,400 | $312,230,400 | $330,680,832 | $404,482,560 | $427,545,600 |   |   |   |   |   |   | Expenses|   |   |   |   |   | Cost of Operations| $70,000,000| $72,100,000| $72,100,000| $72,100,000| $72,100,000| Cost of Programming| $55,000,000| $55,000,000 | $55,000,000 | $70,000,000 | $75,000,000 | Ad Sales Commissions| $6,918,912| $6,918,912. 00 | $7,472,424. 96 | $9,686,476. 80 | $10,378,368. 0 | Marketing & Advertising| $45,000,000| $15,000,000 | $15,000,000 | $15,000,000 | $15,000,000 | SGA| $40,000,000| $41,200,000| $41,200,000| $41,200,000| $41,200,000| Total Expense| $216,918,912| $190,218,912| $190,772,425| $207,986,477| $213,678,368|   |   |   |   |   |   | Net Income| $93,711,488 | $122,011,488 | $139,908,407 | $196,496,083 | $213,867,232 | Margin| 30%| 39%| 42%| 49%| 50%| Recommendation We recommend that Dana Wheeler and The Fashion Channel use the third segmentation scenario. There are positives and negatives to every plan; we feel that the third plan shows the highest revenue increase, and delivers the best competitive advantage.The first scenario describes a plan in which The Fashion Channel would, â€Å"maintain a broad appeal to a cross segment of Fashionistas, Planners & Shoppers, and Situationalists. † (Stahl) The broad marketing plan outlined in scenario one delivers a net income of $139,908,407, and a 3% increase the margin percentage. This would be an increase of almost $19,000,000 in ad revenue per year. This plan would slightly increase the average rating that The Fashion Channel would receive and boost the average viewer number slightly, and still would not come with an incremental programming expense. This plan would however, come with a drop in the average CPM, and â€Å"along with the 10% drop in forecasted Ad sales, a broad multi-cluster strategy may not deliver an audience different enough to avoid that drop. (Stahl) Dana Wheeler had mentioned that leaving the programming unchanged along with the mo re general advertising focus could leave them vulnerable to continued penetration by â€Å"competitors in the premium segments, thus further eroding The Fashion Channel’s pricing ability. † The second scenario was to focus on the Fashionistias. This scenario would increase ad revenue per year from $230,630,400 to $322,822,560 and would increase the margin by 10%. This scenario was described as valuable because of the strong demographic. This scenario would target the smallest segment but because of the value placed on these viewers, mainly women aged between 18 and 34, would lead to a CPM of $3. 50, which is the highest of the three scenarios.The targeted segment being smaller would mean that The Fashion Channel would incur an additional programming cost per year of fifteen million dollars, along with a decrease of 0. 2% in television ratings. This scenario doesn’t increase awareness, and carries the risk of not targeting enough viewers leading to further decrea ses in overall ratings. The final scenario outlined a plan to target two segments, the Fashionistas and the Shoppers/Planners. This scenario is the one that we would recommend The Fashion Channel to take. This scenario carries an additional cost of $20,000,000 for programming to â€Å"ensure that there were viewing selections aimed at both segments. † (Stahl) This plan shows the most promising numbers of the three scenarios.Both of the targeted segments are deemed valuable to ad buyers, which increases the average CPM to $2. 50. The Fashionistas and Shoppers/Planners scenario shows an increase in ad revenue per year from $230,630,400 to $345,945,600. That is an increase of $115,000,000 in ad revenue, resulting in a $91,000,000 net income increase. The increase to the margin is significant at 11%, and could increase in the future. The average CPM may be low considering the value of the viewer’s being targeted. The repositioning in programming may help when dealing with the increasing competitive threats. Works Cited Stahl, Wendy. â€Å"The Fashion Channel. â€Å"Harvard Business School  1 (2007): 1-12. Print.

Amusement Park Physics essays

Amusement Park Physics essays Amusement parks have been around for decades and they are just as popular as they have ever been. For the most part, the physics and theories used to build these wonderful theme parks in the early years have withheld the test of time and are still exactly the same. Most people don't stop to think about how many amusement parks really rely on physics. If these thrilling rides were just constructed like you might build a tree house and physics was never applied, then the millions of people that flock to these attractions each year would simply have to find something else to waist their money and adrenaline on. First, we will look at the roller coaster. This is possibly one of the main attractions at an amusement park. What many people don't recognize is the fact that roller coasters aren't propelled by an engine. There is a good reason to back up the fact that the first hill is always the highest. Once the coaster is pulled up the hill by the crank, potential energy is at its fullest. As the coaster is making its way down the hill, that potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. At the bottom of the hill, kinetic energy is at its highest. Throughout the rest of the ride, the coaster is simply propelled by the constant conversion from potential to kinetic energy and back again. Another factor that enters into the extreme speeds that roller coaster can reach are the wheels. There are basically three types of wheels. The running wheels keep the coaster on its path along the rails. The friction wheels help to control the side to side movement of the coaster. And, the las t set of wheels helps the coaster stay planted on the rails of the track, even when inverted. The car is eventually stopped by a compressed air braking system. (Amusement Park Physics) The carousel is one of the most traditional theme park rides. At first glance, the carousel may look as though it's only a simple, graceful wheel of steel. ...

Pearl Harbor Essay Example

Pearl Harbor Essay Example Pearl Harbor Essay Pearl Harbor Essay Essay Topic: The Pearl Its the history. For 9/1 1, its much easier for us to remember. All of us are capable of knowing what happened because it was during our time. We were in kindergarten when it happened. Its very easy for our country to remember because of the memorials and remembrance services we have. Also, we have the Freedom Tower where the Twin Towers once were. As generations keep coming though, it wont be as easy. To remember, I think all teachers should take a significant amount of time and teach about 9/1 1 . This will help to keep the saying of Never Forget. Its very important to remember this attack because it potentially changed America. Its important to remember that a lot of people lost their lives trying to protect and fight for our country. We owe the respect to them. In the following years to come, I think that teachers should never stop talking about these kind of events. In fact, I think more teachers, any kind, should be sure to have a Remembrance Day or teaching day. This is because of how much it effected our country. I definitely think movies are good, not Just because I like movies. I think that graphics really capture what it was like on that day. I also think inviting speakers is a really good idea. That even gives a better realization of what it was really like from a first person view. Teachers Just cant stop teaching it. Its so important to remember the events of 9/1 1 and Pearl Harbor. These events shaped who America is today. We have become one, united, and stronger. We should never forget either of these. Pearl Harbor/9-11 By meatiness

How to Use Singular They

How to Use Singular They "The employee believed their safety could not be guaranteed." The sentence above has an apparently overt grammar error. The subject of the sentence, employee, is singular but the pronoun their is plural. Most business writers would catch this obvious error. Subjects and pronouns need to agree in number, so the sentence should be"The employee believed his or her safety could not be guaranteed." The challenge with the corrected sentence is that it is awkward and it boxes individuals who do not identify as uniquely male or female into a category that doesn't fit for them. It's exclusionary, and style guides are addressing this. Using they as a singular pronoun has become acceptable in some cases, especially as a gender-neutral pronoun. The 2017 edition of The AP Stylebook - the style guide used most widely in business - stated: â€Å"They/them/their is acceptable in limited cases as a singular and/or gender-neutral pronoun, when alternative wording is overly awkward or clumsy.† For example, to avoid the specificity of an individual’s gender, this use oftheiris acceptable: â€Å"The employee believed their position was in jeopardy.† The Washington Post addressed this in 2015: â€Å"Allowing they for a gender-nonconforming person is a no-brainer. And once we’ve done that, why not allow it for the most awkward of those he or she situations that have troubled us for so many years?† The Chicago Manual of Style now states: â€Å"While this usage [they, them, their, and themselves] is accepted in those spheres [speech and informal writing], it is only lately showing signs of gaining acceptance in formal writing, where Chicago recommends avoiding its use. When referring specifically to a person who does not identify with a gender-specific pronoun, however, they and its forms are often preferred.† Garner’s Modern American Usage recommends its cautious use: â€Å"Where it can’t be avoided, resort to it cautiously because some people may doubt your literacy.† Microsoft Manual and Style advises: â€Å"Although . . .theyfor a singular antecedent is gaining acceptance. . . . Whenever possible, write around the problem.† Grammarly polled their readers and most objected to the singular use of they. Admittedly, it can become awkward: "They is a talented artist." As a comment below correctly noted, use the plural verb conjugation when using "they" to refer to an individual: "They are a talented artist." Or, just rewrite the sentence to avoid both a gender identification and the need for a pronoun: "The artist is talented." More on gender-neutral pronouns here. One of the aspects of business writing that I love most is that it evolves to reflect appropriate information flow and awareness. Style Guides are clearly addressing this with a cautious endorsement of the singular they. My recommendation now is to generally stick to standard grammar constructs and match singular pronouns with singular subjects and plural pronouns with pronoun subjects. But, do use they as a singular pronoun when it is respectful or more clear to do so. Words matter. Including everyone respectfully in the discourse warrants bending this grammar rule. Image Source: Grammarly

What is Performance Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What is Performance Management - Essay Example individual responsibility for the continuing improvement of business processes needs to be established, and individual skills and contributions need to be encouraged and nurtured. One tool for monitoring performance management is  performance appraisal. For organizations, performance management is usually known as company performance and is monitored through business appraisal. For Mega-Widget Company, Performance Management’s is beneficial as it facilitates the organization’s capacity to deliver strategic and operational goals which can be translated to a growth in sales, reduction of costs, and increased operational efficiency ultimately translating to greater competitiveness and enhanced the bottom line. It also provides the employee a clear understanding of how meeting target performance adds value to the organization’s strategic goals (Mithas, 2011). For the individual employee of Mega-Widget Company, Performance Management is beneficial as it creates an environment that motivates employees to be at its best. Through Performance Management, employees are also able to know how much and how they are contributing to the growth of the organization. And as the employees contribute to the growth of the organization, Performance Management provides the incentive structure by which employees are rewarded for achieving if not exceeding their goal in the organization (Salden and Sowa, 2011). Performance feedback is the  on-going  process between employee and manager where information is exchanged concerning the performance expected and the performance exhibited. Constructive feedback can praise good performance or correct poor performance and should  always  be tied to the  performance standards (Mithas, 2011) Performance feedback is designed to improve the performance of employees as correlated to Performance Management. It serves as a mechanism to reinforce and praise positive behavior and as a corrective measure to a less than desirable performance.

The Distinction Between Common Law and Statute Law Essay

The Distinction Between Common Law and Statute Law - Essay Example 4. The appeal dealt with three salient aspects – firstly, whether there had been an oral agreement between appellants and respondents to share the costs for the pumping station (b) whether there was a common obligation on the part of appellants and respondents to augment the sewerage supply system and whether the appellant was entitled to reimbursement from the respondent for his contribution (c) whether the trial judge’s order on costs for the counterclaim was to be set aside. 5. The appellants argued about contribution under a common obligation to construct the pumping station, such that respondents were obliged to reimburse Appellants for their share of the cost of the station. 6. The Court rejected the Appellant’s appeal of the District Court decision declaring that contribution under common obligation did not arise and ordered the Appellants to pay respondents their appeal costs. However, where the counterclaim of the Respondents was concerned, the Court dismissed the trial court’s order on costs and ordered respondents to pay Appellant’s costs on the counterclaim. 7. In a civil law case, the burden of proof requires the Plaintiff to produce evidence that will convince the Judge of their entitlement to receive relief. The requirement, in this case, was the evidentiary burden of proof, to support the Plaintiff’s claim for contributory costs. 8. One of the cases that were considered in this Appeal was Cockburn v GIO Finance Ltd (No 2) (2001) 51 NSWLR 624, where the views of Mason P at 631 that the right to contribution depends on matters of substance not form were taken into consideration. (b) The ratio decidendi, in this case, was whether the entitlement to contribution arose out of common obligations or coordinate burdens and obligations created by the Deeds since contribution depends on substance not form. The judges that no such obligation had arisen given the circumstances of the case.

Workplace Counselling Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Workplace Counselling - Case Study Example Also in (managing trauma and stress) it is noted that "Workplace counseling provides measurable benefits by offering staff solution focused counseling to assist in resolving issues of stress, trauma and personal problems which have a negative effect on both the employee and the workplace alike, costing businesses many millions of pounds every year." (Valentine Sean) added more information on the subject matter where he says "Employment counseling is commonly used in companies to assist employees with various personal and professional challenges that are confronted in the workplace. Such guidance could affect the degree to which employees believe a company proactively supports an ethical orientation." The Value of counseling in the work place: Motivating all the workers. There is need at any working place to motivate workers in order to encourage them on what they are employed for. Counseling in a workplace thus explains to management the great need for that. "Keep rules and policies to a minimum. ... yment counseling is commonly used in companies to assist employees with various personal and professional challenges that are confronted in the workplace. Such guidance could affect the degree to which employees believe a company proactively supports an ethical orientation." The Value of counseling in the work place: Motivating all the workers. There is need at any working place to motivate workers in order to encourage them on what they are employed for. Counseling in a workplace thus explains to management the great need for that. (The guidelines for motivating workers) states that: "Keep rules and policies to a minimum. Rules are there to protect your business and create organization, if a rule does not serve that purpose only, then you will need to consider retiring that particular policy. After the rules are established, it is essential that all employees know what is expected of them. Make sure that the rules and/or policies are published and posted in a manner in which all employees are aware. Create a code of conduct. Make this a collaborative effort which involves all or most of the employees that work with you. Use this to identify values that should be held on high in your organization. Follow the rules. As a manager it is your job to be sure that not only the employees are following the rules, but that you are as well. All members of management should follow the rules that have been established. The employees should notice a sense of consistency from the management team rather than employees knowing which managers will let them "get away" with things while others will not. Management should recognize and address inappropriate behaviors on an as-needed basis rather than picking and/or "waiting" for someone to mess up. Use counseling or a progressive

Debate for Australia euthanasia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Debate for Australia euthanasia - Essay Example The same view is held by the Islamic religion (Bulow et al., 2008). Therefore, the opponents view legalization of euthanasia as being immoral and against God’s commandment since it does not sanctify life. However, the proponents have responded by arguing that legalizing euthanasia will actually uphold human dignity. They have argued that no person should be allowed to undergo torture from terminal illness. Such continuous pain, they have pointed out, which medicine has no control over degrades human dignity and defeats the very logic for continuing to live. Therefore, euthanasia will do more good than harm (Norval & Gwyther, 2003). In addition, they have also said that the society is built on fundamental values of compassion and mercy. The society should therefore rise to the occasion and help the terminally ill from suffering unbearably without any help (Norval & Gwyther, 2003). Euthanasia as murder versus right-based arguments The opponents have viewed legalization of euthan asia has a commission to commit murder. They have argued that any action intended to take away another person’s life is inherently wrong and should never be allowed even if the victim has given the consent (Somerville, 2003). Euthanasia has therefore been viewed has killing of other human beings and fervently opposed on those grounds. On the other hand, the proponents have made an argument against this view by pointing out to the principles of autonomy and self-determination. The argument has been that a patient has a right to his or her life and therefore can determine on how he or she should die (Bartels & Otlowski, 2010; Kerridge, Lowe & Stewart, 2009). The autonomy principle allows... The argument has been that a patient has a right to his or her life and therefore can determine on how he or she should die (Bartels & Otlowski, 2010; Kerridge, Lowe & Stewart, 2009). The autonomy principle allows a patient of sound mind to make any decision pertaining to his or her life as long as such a decision does nobody any harm (Norval & Gwyther, 2003). Along this line, it is argued that a patient has a right to determine when he or she no longer wants to live. It is further argued that, due to the principle of autonomy, a patient has a right to his or her own decisions and equally a right to a dignified death (Bartels & Otlowski, 2010). In general, the proponents argue that by patients being denied the right to euthanasia, the society is actually tramping upon their (patients’) rights and forcing decisions on them (patients) which they (patients) do not necessarily ascribe to. In other word, the insistence on the sustenance of the status quo in reference to legalizatio n of euthanasia is a continued violation of patients’ rights and thus those of human rights. How have the opponents responded to these accusations of violating human rights specifically the principles of autonomy? The proponents have come out strongly and fiercely claiming that actually allowing euthanasia is an abuse of autonomy and human rights contrary to what the proponents have said. The opponents have argued that the principle of autonomy advocates for conditions that favor autonomy. Any attempt to suppress any condition.

Links between Taste, Consumption and Social Class Essay

Links between Taste, Consumption and Social Class - Essay Example In fact, it is clear that the views and the preferences of people in a particular social framework are aligned with the trends that the media have promoted within the specific area. It is in this context that the relationship between taste, consumption and social class would be evaluated. In the literature, different approaches have been used for highlighting the interaction between taste, consumption and social class. The views of Bourdieu on this issue are analytically presented in this paper. Emphasis is given on the perception of Bourdieu that taste and consumption are closely related to social class. The review of the literature referring to the specific subject reveals that taste and consumption are indispensable elements of human behaviour. Their relationship with social class can be strong no matter the existing social and political conditions; however, each one of these elements cannot be exist outside a consumption society, since it is only within such society that the cons umption needs of individuals can be addressed. 2. Taste, consumption and social class in theory and practice 2.1 Bourdieu on taste, consumption and class In order to understand the views of Bourdieu on key sociological objects, such as taste, consumption and class, it would be necessary to identify the methodology of his work. Bourdieu avoided using the views of a specific sociologist for explaining human behaviour. Rather, he used to employ common sociological rules. From this point of view, it would be a mistake to use the views of well-known sociologists, for instance Marx or Durkheim, in order to understand the thoughts of Bourdieu on key sociological objects (Wright 2005, p.82). Moreover, Bourdieu preferred to combine theory and research. In other words, it was necessary for his views to be tested in real conditions. In this way, the effects of the views of Bourdieu on society and human behaviour have been checked as of their relevance to real life. At the next level, the views of Bourdieu are checked using qualitative and quantitative data; this type of research methodology increases the credibility of the assumptions produced, highlighting the appropriateness of these views for the explanation of daily social phenomena. The above issues are quite important in order to explain the methodology of work in this paper: the views of Bourdieu on social class, taste and consumption are presented and evaluated, as of their relationship to many aspects of social life. At the next level, these views are tested as of their relevance to current social conditions. Examples are used for indicating the value of the theories of Bourdieu in practice, with reference especially to the social trends that characterize the modern societies. At a first level, reference should be made to the views of Bourdieu on social class. Then, its relationship with taste and consumption, as justified through the views of Bourdieu, can be understood. In opposition with other theorists who s tudied the specific issue, Bourdieu avoided making a clear distinction between classes in society (Wright 2005, p.85). This practice is explained as follows: Bourdieu did not want to relate his theory with politics, a risk which would be clear if the differentiation among classes would be used as the basis of the theory of Bourdieu. Moreover,

Giorgio Armani Brand Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Giorgio Armani Brand - Essay Example According to the paper the brand’s marketing strategy has been effective, as it has been marketed to emerging markets like China, where there is a strong uptake for premium, luxury fashion products. This paper will discuss the brand architecture of Giorgio Armani, and present a brand extension model. Detailed findings SWOT Analysis for Giorgio Armani Strengths The brand’s personality-based and uniquely designed products, which are among the best, globally The brand’s unique design, which helps differentiate it from competitors The characteristic feature of the clothes and apparel, which are hand stitched compared to the ordinary machine-stitched products The brand’s presence among international sports players and teams These areas identify the policies and the formulas employed for the brand which gives it an edge in brand positioning and recognition. Giorgio Armani has a ready-to-wear and a couture line, which increases their presence among average income consumers. From this study it is clear that weaknesses of Brand PETA activists do not support the outlook of the brand, which resulted in the development of a negative image The brand’s limited global market presence, compared to other global apparel brands Opportunity of Brand The brand’s coverage can be extended to cover the bottom of the market pyramid A larger part of the workforce is young, which increases their capacity to explore and design attractive and powerful products The brand’s ability to expand globally and to penetrate through tie-ups and the launch of new brand stores globally Threats The brand’s dominant coverage of a small upper-premium class market segment The brands slow uptake in picking up on life style brand The brand’s duplicity: fake products of the brand are traded at very low prices, in the lower market segments Giorgio Armani’s brand position Unlike the usual branding processes employed by entrepreneurs in the c onsumer products industry, the fashion and luxury branding of Giorgio Armani is highly personality-based and unique. The designs of the brand are founded on the founder’s personality. This is evident from the critical role of design in the fashion and luxury apparel positioning of the brand. The personal style of Giorgio Armani is crucial in the development and the marketing of the brand. The designer’s style is grounded on product differentiation, which is communicated in a tangible and visual manner. Brand’s Target Audience The target audience of the Giorgio Armani brand includes men and women. The products offered within the different lines for men include shoes, clothes, watches, eyewear, fragrances and home furnishings. The products offered to female consumers include shoes, clothing, bags, eyewear, cosmetics and home furnishings.  

Links between Taste, Consumption and Social Class Essay

Links between Taste, Consumption and Social Class - Essay Example In fact, it is clear that the views and the preferences of people in a particular social framework are aligned with the trends that the media have promoted within the specific area. It is in this context that the relationship between taste, consumption and social class would be evaluated. In the literature, different approaches have been used for highlighting the interaction between taste, consumption and social class. The views of Bourdieu on this issue are analytically presented in this paper. Emphasis is given on the perception of Bourdieu that taste and consumption are closely related to social class. The review of the literature referring to the specific subject reveals that taste and consumption are indispensable elements of human behaviour. Their relationship with social class can be strong no matter the existing social and political conditions; however, each one of these elements cannot be exist outside a consumption society, since it is only within such society that the cons umption needs of individuals can be addressed. 2. Taste, consumption and social class in theory and practice 2.1 Bourdieu on taste, consumption and class In order to understand the views of Bourdieu on key sociological objects, such as taste, consumption and class, it would be necessary to identify the methodology of his work. Bourdieu avoided using the views of a specific sociologist for explaining human behaviour. Rather, he used to employ common sociological rules. From this point of view, it would be a mistake to use the views of well-known sociologists, for instance Marx or Durkheim, in order to understand the thoughts of Bourdieu on key sociological objects (Wright 2005, p.82). Moreover, Bourdieu preferred to combine theory and research. In other words, it was necessary for his views to be tested in real conditions. In this way, the effects of the views of Bourdieu on society and human behaviour have been checked as of their relevance to real life. At the next level, the views of Bourdieu are checked using qualitative and quantitative data; this type of research methodology increases the credibility of the assumptions produced, highlighting the appropriateness of these views for the explanation of daily social phenomena. The above issues are quite important in order to explain the methodology of work in this paper: the views of Bourdieu on social class, taste and consumption are presented and evaluated, as of their relationship to many aspects of social life. At the next level, these views are tested as of their relevance to current social conditions. Examples are used for indicating the value of the theories of Bourdieu in practice, with reference especially to the social trends that characterize the modern societies. At a first level, reference should be made to the views of Bourdieu on social class. Then, its relationship with taste and consumption, as justified through the views of Bourdieu, can be understood. In opposition with other theorists who s tudied the specific issue, Bourdieu avoided making a clear distinction between classes in society (Wright 2005, p.85). This practice is explained as follows: Bourdieu did not want to relate his theory with politics, a risk which would be clear if the differentiation among classes would be used as the basis of the theory of Bourdieu. Moreover,

Coca-Cola Marketing Strategy Essay Example for Free

Coca-Cola Marketing Strategy Essay Indirect Exporting- Coke sells their product to separately owned bottling companies around the world who then bottle the product and sell it to wholesalers around their location. 3. Product-Coca-Cola uses two formulas (one with sugar, one with corn syrup) for all markets. The product packaging in every country incorporates the contour bottle design and the logo in some way shape or form. However, the bottle or can also includes the country’s native language and is the same size as other beverage bottles or cans in that same country. Global Marketing, Wiki) Pricing- Coca-Cola products are priced right about the same as its competitors in that geographic area (varies depending on location). They incorporate a psychological pricing strategy, for example instead of having a 24 pack of cans be $10 they make it $9. 98 in order to create the illusion to the customer that it is a lot cheaper than it really is. Place- Coca-Cola sells its product to bottling companies, vending machines, gas stations, newsstands, and other wholesalers in places all over the world, who then sell it to the consumer. Promotion-Mainly television commercials that are specialized for each separate country (different athlete drinking coke in china that in Italy). They place their logo in as many strategic places as possible to get people to think about their product. 4. Coca-Cola has done extensive work to make sure that their product is appealing to everyone and it is one of the most well recognized and respected brands in the world. They have instituted zero-emission trucks (all electric) into their fleet of vehicles to promote going green. One Issue is that their bottling plants have been accused of being unclean and full of unhealthy pesticides. One test found that a plant in India had let some of the pesticides into its products and was even shut down for a period of time. (CSE, 2006) [ 1 ]. Wikipedia, â€Å"Global Marketing†, 2011 http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Global_marketing [ 2 ]. Coca-Cola, â€Å"About us†, 2011, http://www. thecoca-colacompany. com/? WT. cl=1WT. mm=footer1-about-red_en_US [ 3 ]. Centre for Science and Environment, â€Å"CSE releases new study on pesticides in soft drinks†, 2006

Criminal Justice System as a Deterrence

Criminal Justice System as a Deterrence Deterrence is used on individuals who already have a history of offending, but also it prevents potential offenders from committing similar crime. Deterrence is used very often and everyone is aware of it even if they do not they are. People generally known to not commit a crime whether its a serious or less serious one, because they know they will be consequences, which could be a fine or time in jail, depending on what form of offence it was. There are two types of deterrence; specific and general. Specific deterrence is when an offender decides not to commit any future crimes. General deterrence is when a person makes a decision to not commit a crime, because they are familiar with the consequences by observing offenders get punished and they do not want to deal with the same thing if they are caught. However there has been many arguments about what is expected to deter other. Some suggest that the best solution is to be setting penalties to outweigh the benefit of committing a cr ime, but the reality is that people who commit crime are rational thinkers and are responsible for their action. This causes conflict as to whether or not criminals are rational within their actions or whether crime is an act of impulse. The idea of being caught and the idea od spending time in prison should deter potential offenders, therefore prison in some way does deter crime by simply catching offenders, which shows the consequences to those potential ones. One of the reasons why deterrence is more limited is understood by viewing the dynamics of criminal justice system. When any crime is committed there is not a certainty of arresting the criminal, and that has an impact on how effective deterrence is, if it was well known fact that police always apprehend the offender not many people who still want to or try to commit any crimes. However there are cases where crimes also serious crimes are not solved and are not followed up by any arrest and conviction, which is why the deterrent outcome of the certainty of punishment is significantly reduced. Evidently, any improvements on making sure that offenders are being arrested would have huge impact on people who may think they will not be convicted for the crimes they commit. Overall many studies across nations confirm that improving the certainty of sentence provides better deterrent result rather than increasing the harshness of punishment. The Institute of Criminology at Cambridge Univers ity was ordered by the British Home Office to a write a review of research they have done on big studies of deterrence. They have produced a report in 1999 confirming that the studies reviewed do not provide a basis for inferring that increasing the severity of sentences generally is capable of enhancing deterrent effects. Daniel Nagin and Greg Pogarsky, they research concluded that punishment certainty was found to deter crime more than punishment severity. Micro level studies that studied offense rates of particular population, the evidence shows that higher certainty of punishment was linked with decreasing crime. They also have detected that people who know more about crime and punishment are less likely to commit any crime. Different study compared crime and punishment results in the U.S, England and Sweden, however they have failed to discover a consequence for severity. Records of studies shows that certainty of punishment has shown some connection to decreasing of crime stat istics, however other studies argue that growing levels of possibility of arrest for serious and minor offences may result in viewing prison as less labelling institution. Deterrence does not seem to be working as the prison population in England and Wales has almost doubled since 1993. In addition, there is also evidence that most offenders come out of prison and re-offend, however the rates are lower for offenders with long sentences. Statistics published on the Ministry of Justice websites confirm that the proven reoffending rate for adult offenders released from custody between April 2014 and March 2015 was 44.7% and the rate for those released from short sentences has been consistently higher compared to those released from longer sentences. Adults who served sentences of less than 12 months reoffended at a rate of 59.7%, compared to 32.2% for those who served determinate sentences of 12 months or more. The trends for those released from short and long sentences have both remained broadly flat since 2005 and are consistent with the overall trend. Thats form a question in prison really works. Does prison reduce offending? Are re-offending rates worse for prisoners than those who receive community sentences? Does the prison environment improve or hinder the physical, social and emotional well-being of offenders? Does prison prepare prisoners for life on the outside?

Social Security :: essays research papers

Just having a Social Security number is no longer a symbol of adulthood, the numbers use is no longer confined to working and paying taxes. Government agencies, business and schools rely on Social Security numbers to identify people in their computer systems. Many people receive their Social Security numbers when they start their first job. It is the first step into becoming an American citizen and, to pay taxes. Since the beginning, in 1935, the Social Security number has become more and more important, to make even the simplest purchase, to have to supply one. However many people are not comfortable with handing over this valuable asset. The Social Security Administration (SSA) has become aware of this growing concern through the years, but unfortunlly there is no law prohibiting their use by business and government. Banks and other financial institutions use this number to report interest earned on accounts to the IRS. Other government agencies use these numbers in computer matching operations to stop fraud and abuse. Although you can't prevent others from asking for the number, it does not give the use the right to access you Social Security records. The privacy of these records is guaranteed, unless by use of the government for health or welfare programs. Each Social Security number comes in 9 digits, and has 3 parts. The first three digits indicate the state shown in the mailing address on the original application. The lowest numbers were assigned to the New England states, and the number grew higher in the south. But, in recent years, this relationship has been disrupted somewhat by the need to allocate numbers out of sequence as state populations change. The middle two digits do not really mean anything, but serve to break numbers into blocks. Social Security :: essays research papers Just having a Social Security number is no longer a symbol of adulthood, the numbers use is no longer confined to working and paying taxes. Government agencies, business and schools rely on Social Security numbers to identify people in their computer systems. Many people receive their Social Security numbers when they start their first job. It is the first step into becoming an American citizen and, to pay taxes. Since the beginning, in 1935, the Social Security number has become more and more important, to make even the simplest purchase, to have to supply one. However many people are not comfortable with handing over this valuable asset. The Social Security Administration (SSA) has become aware of this growing concern through the years, but unfortunlly there is no law prohibiting their use by business and government. Banks and other financial institutions use this number to report interest earned on accounts to the IRS. Other government agencies use these numbers in computer matching operations to stop fraud and abuse. Although you can't prevent others from asking for the number, it does not give the use the right to access you Social Security records. The privacy of these records is guaranteed, unless by use of the government for health or welfare programs. Each Social Security number comes in 9 digits, and has 3 parts. The first three digits indicate the state shown in the mailing address on the original application. The lowest numbers were assigned to the New England states, and the number grew higher in the south. But, in recent years, this relationship has been disrupted somewhat by the need to allocate numbers out of sequence as state populations change. The middle two digits do not really mean anything, but serve to break numbers into blocks.

Mayans :: History

Mayans The Mayans believe that Mother Earth was a gigantic monster. It was an alligator, toad, and a turtle combined. Above her was a sky with a layer for each planet and spheres of movement for the sun and the moon. Below her was the underworld where heavenly bodies passed when out of sight. All around her were the spirits of rain and thunder. The deities of the food plants and animals attended her. All nature was alive and it was constantly dying and being reborn (Burland 1771). The Mayans are American Indian people who lived in southern Mexico (Miller "Maya" Grolier). The Yucatan was the center of the Mayan civilization from about the 1st century B.C. ("Yucantan" Grolier). They flourished in Mexico and central America from 250 to 1600 A.D. ("History of Agriculture" Grolier). Their ancestors had crossed the Bering land Bridge from Asia (Miller "Maya" Grolier). Honduras was once a part of the Mayan Empire. It had flourished between 250 and 950 A.D. (Seligson "Honduras" Grolier). The Mayans also had lived in Mexican states: Yucantan and Chiapas, British Honduras, Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador (Burland 1770) By 1200 B.C., they had dominated trade routes. The trade routes extended from the modern Mexico state of Guerrero to Costa Rica (Miller "Maya" Grolier). The Mayans had constant cultural and commercial contact from other tribes such as the Aztecs. They were with the central and coastal Mexican civilization that had influenced them and influenced other cultures (Harrison "History of Latin America" Grolier). The Mayans worshiped peace deities (Matthews 45). They also worshiped a creator who lived beyond the sky, and believed it was male and female. Mayans also believed that males were more important (Burland 1771). They explain this with the fact that man came first (Thompson Internet). They also believe in satisfying the creators and fear death. The Mayans had similar beliefs of creation and similar and not similar gods with the Greeks, had a belief in a Heaven and a Hell, four attempts at making humans and three different worlds made. The Greeks had believed there was nothing, that the world began with Chaos, which is similar to the Mayan belief that there was no Earth, no sun and no moon. The only existence was the house of Gucumatz, which is Heaven where the father and mother of all creatures lived. The other is the house of the Ahauab de Xibalba, which is Hell.

Explore how the theme of hunting is used in “Lord of the Flies” and why this is central to the boys’ changing behaviour

The theme of hunting is recurrent throughout the novel, and is used to track the boy's descent into savagery. It starts as a necessity and simply a means of getting food, a common need that the boys all share and benefit from. However, it soon turns into a cultish way of life which divides the ultimately kills members of the group. The restraints and rules of society are taken away from the boys quite abrubtly and without warning, and at the beginning it is apparent that they do not really know how to react to this sudden change of lifestyle. However, as the book progresses the boy's newfound freedom, paired with their immaturity and their fustration with being trapped on the island manifests in a primeval obsession to hunt. Golding portrays the desire to hunt and kill as a primitive urge which lies dormant in each of us, but can take over when in an unnurtured and unrestrained environment. It seems to pronounce itself in each of the boys at different points of the novel; at Simon's death, even Piggy and Ralph found themselves â€Å"eager to take part in this demented but partly secure society†, where â€Å"the desire to squeeze and hurt was over-mastering. I think this is one of Goldings main moral messages, not to let your primeval instincts or the mentality of the people around you to detract away from your moral sense of what's right and wrong, and ultimately it is this fatal flaw and the â€Å"darkness of man's heart† which led to the downfall of the island. This descent from civilization into savagery is tracked by the progression of hunting, and the transformation of characters in the novel. While Ralph and Piggy remain civilized embassadors of law and order, Jack and the other boys progressively become more and more deranged with every hunt. At the beginning Jack and Ralph were morally and ethically much more similar, but he soon becomes obsessed with the violence and glory that hunting entails, and his appearance and behaviour mirror this descent into savagery. For example, Jack's once innocently â€Å"freckled† face becomes obscured by a mask that â€Å"repelled them†. This indicates a loss of identity, and sheilded by the mask he feels at ease to commit deeds of faceless malevolence against those with which he was once friends. In addition, Jack's identity evidently disappears completely when he loses his name. He is now so far distanced from the life that he used to lead that he decides to not conform to the use of a forename, and instead answers only to â€Å"the chief† – a somewhat tribal phrase which suggests inferiority and submission. This failure to abide by the standard expectations of society is suggested very early in the book, when on introduction Jack states â€Å"Why should I be Jack? I'm Merridew. † The way each character reacts and responds to Jack and his growing tribe and hunting obsession, is key to how they will prevail in the novel, and it is around the motive of hunting and the unmaintainable equilibrium between it and â€Å"building shelters† that the main group division is formed. For example, Jack as head of choir falls automatically into the position of head of the hunters. Unknowingly to him and the rest of the group, this initial taste of power and violence will lead to the formation of his savage tribe and the barbaric way of life they end up adopting. Opposingly, Ralph's negative response to the idea of hunting is an indication as to how he will retain his level head and his sanity throughout the book. The idea that Jack and his boys hunt to kill pigs is very indicative of how events will unravel, and when Jack's thirst for violence can no longer be satisfied by the killing of a pig, they move onto who they deem as the most unhuman and unworthy member of the group, Piggy, who after weeks of being compared to a pig, is killed in the same manner as one. There are parallels drawn between most of the main characters and the progression of hunting, and Golding uses this to help the reader to track the development of them and the novel.

Nicaragua Research Paper

Nicaragua is the second poorest country in the Western Hemisphere, but is also full of history, tradition and life. It is known for its great folk music, deep heritage and culture. Nicaragua is hidden jewel with warm, gorgeous culture and breathtaking nature. It is surrounded by its incredible history, culture and nature. Nicaragua is a little larger than New York State. The capital of Nicaragua is Managua and other major cities are Bluefield, Chinandega, Granada, Jinotega, Leon, Masaya, Matagalpa and Rivas. The climate on highlands is cooler and in lowlands is tropical.Nicaragua is warm and has many land that has lakes, mountains; rivers, volcanoes, sea and sun. The country is divided into three geographic regions which are the Pacific Lowlands on the west, the mountainous Central Region and the Atlantic Lowlands on the east. The central Region is an area with mountains and ranges over 3,281 feet above sea level. â€Å"There are oaks, pines, moss, ferns and orchids are abundant in the massive cloud forests of the region. † [1] There are many hikers and backpackers; many walk along the tree shaded paths which can lead you to clear waters of the mountain springs.Nicaragua’s tropical east coast is far different from the rest of the country. The climate is tropical with high temperature and high humidity. The city of Bluefields is located here, English mostly spoken. Nature lovers will find interest in the tropical forests of the area. â€Å"A great variety of birds are to be studied including eagles, turkeys, toucans, parakeets and macaws. † [2] Animal life in the area includes several different species of monkeys, ant-eaters, white-tailed deer and tapirs. The Pacific Lowlands area runs from the Gulf of Fonseca, on Nicaragua's Pacific border with Costa Rica south of Lake Nicaragua.From this lowland strip, you can view the Maribios mountain range, with its 25 volcanic cones, which towers over most of the beautiful and impressive beaches found anywhere else in Central America. This region is the most populated. About 27 percent of the nation's entire population lives in and around Managua, which is known as the capital city. In addition there are many beaches and resort communities located in the Pacific Lowlands. This area is the Spanish colonial heritage, many cities such as Granada and Leon are as well in Spanish colonial architecture and artifacts.In the year 1998, Hurricane Mitch tore into Nicaragua causing the worst natural disaster of the twentieth century. Till this day the country has slowly been reconstructing their economy. Nicaragua not only has suffered from economy issues but has suffered from political instability, civil war, poverty foreign intervention and natural disasters. Thousands of people died. Some were stuck in mudslides or drowned because rivers broke their banks, which caused towns and villages to flood. â€Å"Roads, bridges, houses, crops and animals were swept away, which left people with a d estroyed land, towns and villages. [3] In order for people to survive and stay safe they would climb trees, and hung from roofs of their home to escape the high dangerous waters. People were hungry, cold and some were sick because they were waiting to be rescued which took really long. Disease began to rapidly spread because decomposing bodies and rotting animal’s flesh contaminated the water supplies. As many as 3,000 people died the day Hurricane Mitch came. About more than a fifth of the population was, stranded in camps; most of people’s home and livelihoods were destroyed when Mitch hit Nicaragua.To rebuild the country would take decades and the estimate cost would be over one billion dollars. Nicaragua has dealt with other tragedies like the earthquake that destroyed many hotels, shops. The earthquake destroyed all offices in the year 1972. Sewage systems and the electricity poles were severely damaged. 4Hurricane Mitch has left a negative impact on the country i ncluding human lives were lost, crops were destroyed, major environmental damage, and there was also damage to highways, bridges, schools, electrical and water supply systems. Nicaragua is surrounded by its beautiful nature including its incredible history.The name ‘Nicaragua’ came from a chief named Nicarao. He was chief to a digenous tribe that settled in Lake Nicaragua around late 1400’s and early 1500’s. In 1524 Hernandez de Cordoda was the first Spanish settler to live in the region of Granada on Lake Nicaragua and Leon Managua. Nicaragua gained its independents from Spain in 1821, making the country part of the Mexican Empire and becoming a member of independent Central American. Nicaragua became an independent republic. The west side of the country was colonized by Spain in the 1520’s; it also has aspects of Spanish culture like other Spanish speaking Latin American Countries.The Eastern half of the country was once a British protectorate. 5à ¢â‚¬Å"There are several indigenous groups that still maintain a distant identity like the Miskitos, Sumo, Garifuna and Rama. † These groups still use their original languages and some speak English or Spanish. Spaniards settled in the Western Nicaragua in the early 1500’s. The Spaniards met three main tribes that each had their own languages and culture. Spanish is an official language that is spoken in Nicaragua and only seventy percent of the populations are Spanish speakers. Most of the Spanish speakers live either in highlands or lowlands.When the British setter came to Nicaragua they introduced English words to the Spanish speakers in the Western Nicaragua. The Creoles, which are the black people of the Caribbean region, were brought from colonial-era slaves. Creoles are English speakers, even though some speak Spanish as a second language. Creoles in Nicaragua included the Miskitos, Rama, and Sumo. Miskitos that speak English didn’t want anything to do with the Spanish culture. The Miskitos referred the Spanish speaking Nicaraguans as ‘los Espanoles’. The Creoles resented the Western Hispanic culture. Nicaragua remains the second- poorest nation in the hemisphere.One of the things the country suffers from is the constant trading products and managing budgeting. Some traditional export products are coffee, meat and sugar. Some nontraditional exports are vegetables, tobacco products and gold. [4]â€Å"Today Nicaragua’s economy is based on agricultural efforts, since the nation has very fertile land and a low density of population on the land. Export crops such as coffee, cotton, bananas, and sugar rose steadily from 1950 to 1975. † The country was severely damaged by civil war and at the same time it suffered natural disasters including earthquakes floods and hurricanes.Nicaragua has strong, folklore, music and religious tradition, which are organically from the European culture. The different cultures that Ni caraguans are creative, varied, happy and humorous cultures. Palo de Mayo is celebration to welcome the rain, production and new life. â€Å"There is no answer as to how it came to Nicaragua. † Some people believe that it originated from the Nicaraguan Creoles so they believe that it directly came from Jamaica. The music it is danced to is sensual with rhythm and as time went on things was added on to it. Palo de Mayo is a very huge part of the Nicaragua culture.Nicaragua's food is known as the finest in the Central America. They are famous for using fresh ingredients. Nicaragua shares the same flavors and ingredients with Mexican, Honduras and Guatemala food. Nicaraguans consume corn tortillas with most meals. Tortillas are larger and thin and are made of white corn. This is used as an edible utensil to wrap meat and beans. When most people cannot afford meat regularly they eat beans because beans have protes. A breakfast dish the most Nicaraguans eat is red beans, which are small red beans that are put into Gallo pinto.They are known as red rooster and it a mixture with red and red beans. Another meal the Nicaraguans enjoy is tamales. Tamales are and entire meal that has corn, rice, tomatoes, chili, potatoes, cassava root and sometimes has meat in them. They are wrapped in a leaf and are cooked. Popular fruits are mangos and plantains. [5]â€Å"Nicaraguans drink coffee with hot milk at breakfast or black with sugar. † A famous drink that is known in the nation is Pinol. Pinol is a nonalcoholic drink, which is made from corn flour and water. Food isn’t the only famous part in Nicaragua; music as well is really huge.Nicaragua’s music and dances are from the heritage and mixture if the different cultures that are around. Each region has its own traditions, and all Nicaraguans consider themselves to share on cultural identity. Some musical instruments that is famous is the marimba, in Nicaragua it is made with hardwood plates, which i s placed over bamboo or metal tubes of vary lengths. A sitting performer normally plays it while they are holding it with there knees. The marimba player is usually accompanied by a bass fiddle, a guitar player. The music that Nicaraguans listen quite varies.They enjoy all types of music coming from Cuba to the Unties States and Dominican Republic. They listen to tons of music that are form different countries. The music in Nicaragua has a mixture of European and Spanish influence. Tourism in Nicaragua is known nation wide and has increased travelers to come visit Nicaragua. The growth in the tourism industry left a positive impact in agricultural, commercial and in finance industries. A famous spot that caught tourist attention is the colonial city of Granada, cities like San Juan del Sur, San Juan River, Ometepe and Mombacho attract many tourists. 6]â€Å"In 2005, 803, 933 tourist visited Nicaragua and many of the tourist came from Europe and United States of America. † Tou rist attractions are volcanoes, sand skiing, doing activities such as hiking, climbing, camping and swimming. Nicaragua is referred as the lands of lakes and volcanoes. Tourism improves Nicaragua every year hotels are cheap and there are so many luxury places to visit. There is always something to do while you are visiting or vacationing in Nicaragua. Nicaraguans have the right for freedom of religion and the people are very fond of their belief of god.Roman Catholicism arrived in Nicaragua with the Spanish settlers in the sixteen century. Many Nicaraguans are Roman Catholic but many blacks believe and belong to the Protestant religion. Roman Catholics are people who attend mass, and receive the sacrament are mostly women, upper class and lower class people. Most Catholic churches are in rural communities and priests preach them. A priest leads mass and delivers the sacraments to church members. Blacks from the coast mostly belong to the Pentecostal. One of the largest Pentecostal c hurches in Nicaragua is the Moravian Church and Baptist Convention.Nicaragua’s education is known as being one of the poorest through out Latin America. Its education system has suffered severely. Elementary schools are free, but many children that live in rural areas are unable to attend due to the lack of school around their area and other reasons. [7]â€Å"Children under the age of seven and twelve get free schooling, but only seventy percent of the children attend school. † Communities that are located in the Caribbean coast have schools that teach them in their native language. Nicaragua’s society’s is largely uneducated; twenty percent of first graders only finished the sixth grade.Poverty affects children’s to go to school because most families are unable to afford to pay for their children to attend school. Secondary education institutions are private and too expensive for a vast amount of Nicaraguans. Only eight percent of the population e nrolls in universities, which are mostly upper class families. One of the first universities to be built was in the city of Leon and Managua. Children in Nicaragua wear school uniforms and pay a fee to the school that covers basic school materials. Mostly all schools lack with money to buy sport equipments, science/ computers technology and musical instruments.Students are taught basic subjects but aren’t able to really learn how to use computers or equipments of any kind. There are different times students are able to attend school which is either in the mornings, the afternoons or the evenings because many kids work to increase there family income. Teachers have no incentives, limited training and horrible working space. Teachers are paid very low salaries. Most of the teachers are single or abandoned mothers who work to provide a future for their children. Poverty is on of the biggest social problem in Nicaragua it has been for decades.In Managua poverty is so bad that som e of the urban people live and have house that are made from cardboard boxes with dirt on the floor. Some Nicaraguans do not have access to clean drinking or plumbing water. [8]â€Å"The government in Nicaragua is making progress in improving healthcare and education mostly for the poor and rural communities. † Almost seventy-five percent of families in Nicaragua live in poverty. Families of low- income are framers and land workers, one member per families work at farms. Most of Nicaragua’s rural poor live in vast dry central region, where natural resources are limited to plant.Rural people dependent of crops such as beans, vegetables etc, but at times droughts occur and it affects their food and income. The reason why the rural people are poor is because Hurricane Mitch causes an environmental disaster, and another reason is Nicaragua was in the civil war from 1980 to 1990 and because of that the economic crisis collapses. Nicaragua’s government is divided into three branches; there is the executive, legislative, and the judicial. The executive branch has the president, vice president and an appointed cabinet of ministers.Such as the Ministry of Education, Defense, Environment, Family, Foreign Affairs etc. The legislative branch has ninety- two members of the National Assembly, and it as well enforces the countries law. The judicial branch has the Supreme Court, which is located in Managua and other lower courts. The Supreme Court has twelve judges and has criminal, civil and constitutional matters divisions. The government is responsible to control the urban development, construction, and maintenance of roads, parks, and bridges including creating museums and libraries.In conclusion, Nicaragua is a country that is full of immersing history, culture, nature and tradition. Nicaragua is known as the second’s poorest country in the western Hemisphere. There are many areas that Nicaragua needs to improve like education, poverty and soc ial problem. Nicaragua’s culture is full of history and immersing tradition. Works Cited Channel, By Nicaragua. â€Å"Culture in Nicaragua | By Nicaragua Channel. † Nicaragua Hotels, Travel and Destination Guide | By Nicaragua Channel. Web. 01 Nov. 2010. . Channel, By Nicaragua. â€Å"Page Not Found on Nicaragua. com | By Nicaragua Channel. Nicaragua Hotels, Travel and Destination Guide | By Nicaragua Channel. Web. 01 Nov. 2010. . Merrill, Tim. Nicaragua: a Country Study. Washington (D. C. ): Government Printing Office, 1994. Print. â€Å"Nicaragua – History. † Country Studies. Web. 01 Nov. 2010. . â€Å"Nicaragua Facts. † Sponsor a Child – Compassion. Web. 01 Nov. 2010. . â€Å"People – Nicaragua – Central America: Nicaragua Population, Nicaragua People, Lake Nicaragua, Mestizo People, Center Government. † Countries Quest. Web. 01 Nov. 2010. . Plunkett, Hazel. Nicaragua in Focus: a Guide to the People, Politics and Cul ture. Brooklyn, NY: Interlink, 1999.Print. Plunkett, Hazel. Nicaragua in Focus: a Guide to the People, Politics and Culture. Brooklyn, NY: Interlink, 1999. Print. â€Å"Why Nicaragua? † NICARAGUA Spanish Schools | VOLUNTEER Nicaragua | SPANISH STUDY ABROAD Nicaragua | LEARN SPANISH Granada NICARAGUA | Nicaragua EDUCATIONAL Spanish PROGRAMS | VOLUNTEER OPPORTUNITIES in Nicacaragua | NICARAGUAN EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS. Web. 01 Nov. 2010. . â€Å"Youth and Education Issues in Nicaragua. † Foundation for Sustainable Development | Grassroots International Development | Intern, Volunteer, Donate. Web. 01 Nov. 2010. . ———————– 1] http://centralamerica. com/nicaragua/info/general. htm [2] http://centralamerica. com/nicaragua/info/general. htm [3] In focus Nicaragua (A guide to the people, Politics and Culture) Author: Hazel Plunkett [4] http://www. spainshhprogramnicarga. com/nicaragua_information. htm [5] http: elibrary. bi gchalk. com [6] http://www. compasion. com/about/where/nicaragua. htm [7] http://www. spainshprogramnicaragua. com/nicaragua_information. htm [8] http://countrystudies. us/nicaragua/3. htm [9] http://www. nicaragua. com/culture/education [10] http://www. fsinternational. org/country/Nicaragua/hropps

Ways of Protecting the Environment

Our environment is a gift from God so we must take the full responsibility in protecting and preserving it. Good environment can make people feel happy and fit. To improve the environment means to improve our life. Therefore, human beings can protect the environment in three ways: conserving water, recycling, reducing, reusing and saving energy. First, we can protect the environment through saving water. Water is very important to us because we can’t live it. Water which is suitable to drink is becoming less and less. It is because we always waste a lot of water in our daily life. For example, many of the people always turn on the faucet when brushing teeth, washing or rinsing. Instead, we can fill a container with water for our use. Second, recycling, reducing and reusing are other ways to protect our environment. We can recycle the aluminum cans, glass bottles and newspapers. Besides that, we can transfer the organic matter such as potato peelings, leftover food and leaves to a compost heap in the garden and used as a natural fertilizer for the plants. Next, we should reduce the usage of plastic bags because they are non-biodegradable and hard to recycle. Let us reuse the things that are still valuable instead of throwing it away. Donate your old clothes or things to those who are in need. Not only will you protect the environment, but you will also contribute to a good cause. Last but definitely not the least is conserving energy. Let us use compact lights in our houses for they conserves electricity and remember to turn it off when you leave a room. When you do not use a house device like TV, radio, laptops, etc. turn it off as well. It's an easy habit to take up which will help you save a lot of money. Be concern and be a part in protecting the Mother Nature.

Final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Final - Essay Example Interestingly, none of the cases were proved and as a result of that the company saved millions of dollars. On the contrary, some of the other food companies, whose outbreak of salmonella bacteria was confirmed, had to pay huge sums of money as a penalty in litigation. Moreover, it also resulted in a loss of market share for those companies. However, when it comes to Delectables, initially it was difficult to find the actual cause behind the quality issues of their manufactured foods. Another startling fact is that despite the presence of quality control director at the factory, the company is miserably failing to maintain a standard quality. In-depth analysis of the company has made it evident that there are large loop holes in the quality checking mechanism of Delectables. Nevertheless, the disturbing fact is the intentional breach of ethical guidelines by the supervisors (Jennings 279). On analyzing the scenario of the factory as well as the market reputation of the company, there is no way other than blowing whistle against the supervisors. Although this step is sure to hamper the relationship between myself and supervisors of the factory, but it is wise to save the life of customers and create a good reputation for the company in the market; rather than taking unethical approach. Moreover, my job responsibility is to increase the efficiency of the plant, save cost and improve plant operations, but that does not mean adopting unethical stance. I have asked myself whether I should take the side of unethical approach or should I perform by duty honestly, the only answer to this to carry out the duties and achieve excellence through hard work. My decision to blow the whistle is also supported by the theory proposed by Lilanthi Ravishankar. The author believes that internal whistle blowing can wonders to firms and is often highly effective (â€Å"Ravishankar†). In addition, the actual problems are identified easily and can be directly addressed result in a quicker and effective solution. It is believed that the decision to blow the whistle will actually satisfy several stakeholder groups of the company. The theory of stakeholders also supports this point of view. According to the traditional views, shareholders or the stockholders are the owners of the company and their prime interest is to increase the firm’s value irrespective of the impact on the external environment. However, the present stakeholder theory argues that a company has several stakeholder groups’ namely political groups, governmental bodies, trade union, trade association, employees, suppliers, customers, competitors and financier among others. Hence, from this theory it is evident that a minor flaw of the company could adversely affect each of these stakeholder groups. Therefore my decision to blow the whistle for the sake of saving the organization’s reputation and satisfying stakeholders is justified. However, there are several risks associa ted with whistle blowing. Some of the major ones are stated below: - One of the major risks of whistle blowing can be mistreatment. This mistreatment can be from both employees as well as the management of the company. The probability of mistreatment increases by the employees increases, if more than one employee is accused. In the similar way, the management of the company can mistreat the whistle blower if investigation is not kept internal by the assigned employee or

Money laundering Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Money laundering - Essay Example Furthermore, the ML does not have to involve physical exchange of money or currency. Modern concept therefore considers a transaction or formation of relationship to be a case of money laundering if it involves any form of property or benefit, tangible or intangible earned through criminal activity which includes tax evasion. ML does not necessarily require movement of criminal proceeds for being laundered. Thus, financial institutions especially banks can easily get involved in money laundering process when money earned in a legitimate activity and deposited into a bank account in another country by a person becomes a laundered money assumed as done with the connivance of the bank if he fails to declared the earnings in his tax return in the country in which it has been earned and the bank also fails to report it as s suspicious activity (Hopton 2009). The USA Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) has defined money laundering as â€Å"the criminal practice of filtering il l-gotten gains† or â€Å"dirty† currency through a sequence of dealings, so the currency is â€Å"cleaned† to appear as if earned by lawful conduct (McClean 2007). Criminals resort to money laundering to legitimise substantial portion of their ill-gotten wealth as otherwise they cannot put it to use. Moreover, they do not need the entire money for their ongoing criminal ventures. They are motivated to launder their tainted money in order to have respectful postitions in society by investing the money so earned in respectable avenues. The proceeds of crime were once said to channel through launderettes in the USA to enable the actual notes to be offered as lawful commercial income, thus earning the expression â€Å"Money Laundering† (McClean 2007). Money Laundering process It involves three stages as per the tradition. First, placement of funds of criminal origin in to the financial system through direct or indirect means. Second, resorting to layering by w hich receipt of criminal proceeds are blurred through creation of layers of financial transactions with the object of hiding the audit trail and providing anonymity. Third, after successful layering, integration process pumps the laundered money into the mainstream economy so as to make them appear as funds received during the course of business. These stages are subtle in that they more often overlap or take place simultaneously (Hopton 2009). The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) FATF is autonomous body representing various governments and entrusted with introduction of measures to ensure against ML and providing funds for terrorism using the global financial system. The recommendations of FATF are required to be implemented to counter money laundering and considered as the standard for anti-money laundering (AML) and counter-terrorist financing (CTF) (FATF 2010). Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) FINRA is the autonomous regulatory body of the USA governing activiti es of securities firms in the United Sates. Anti-money laundering compliance program of FINRA requires each member to develop anti-money laundering program so designed as to monitor the member’s compliance with the requirements of the Bank Secrecy Act (31 USC) (FINRA n.d.). Suspicious Activity Report (SAR) Suspicious Activity Reporting is the requirement to be complied with by all financial institutions such as banks, credit unions, brokers or dealers in securities